word-ladder-ii

Word Ladder II

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A transformation sequence from word <code>beginWord</code> to word <code>endWord</code> using a dictionary <code>wordList</code> is a sequence of words <code>beginWord -&gt; s1 -&gt; s2 -&gt; ... -&gt; sk</code> such that:

<ul>
	<li>Every adjacent pair of words differs by a single letter.</li>
	<li>Every <code>si</code> for <code>1 &lt;= i &lt;= k</code> is in <code>wordList</code>. Note that <code>beginWord</code> does not need to be in <code>wordList</code>.</li>
	<li><code>sk == endWord</code></li>
</ul>

Given two words, <code>beginWord</code> and <code>endWord</code>, and a dictionary <code>wordList</code>, return all the shortest transformation sequences from <code>beginWord</code> to <code>endWord</code>, or an empty list if no such sequence exists. Each sequence should be returned as a list of the words <code>[beginWord, s1, s2, ..., sk]</code>.

&nbsp;
Example 1:

<pre>
Input: beginWord = &quot;hit&quot;, endWord = &quot;cog&quot;, wordList = [&quot;hot&quot;,&quot;dot&quot;,&quot;dog&quot;,&quot;lot&quot;,&quot;log&quot;,&quot;cog&quot;]
Output: [[&quot;hit&quot;,&quot;hot&quot;,&quot;dot&quot;,&quot;dog&quot;,&quot;cog&quot;],[&quot;hit&quot;,&quot;hot&quot;,&quot;lot&quot;,&quot;log&quot;,&quot;cog&quot;]]
Explanation:&nbsp;There are 2 shortest transformation sequences:
&quot;hit&quot; -&gt; &quot;hot&quot; -&gt; &quot;dot&quot; -&gt; &quot;dog&quot; -&gt; &quot;cog&quot;
&quot;hit&quot; -&gt; &quot;hot&quot; -&gt; &quot;lot&quot; -&gt; &quot;log&quot; -&gt; &quot;cog&quot;
</pre>

Example 2:

<pre>
Input: beginWord = &quot;hit&quot;, endWord = &quot;cog&quot;, wordList = [&quot;hot&quot;,&quot;dot&quot;,&quot;dog&quot;,&quot;lot&quot;,&quot;log&quot;]
Output: []
Explanation: The endWord &quot;cog&quot; is not in wordList, therefore there is no valid transformation sequence.
</pre>

&nbsp;
Constraints:

<ul>
	<li><code>1 &lt;= beginWord.length &lt;= 5</code></li>
	<li><code>endWord.length == beginWord.length</code></li>
	<li><code>1 &lt;= wordList.length &lt;= 500</code></li>
	<li><code>wordList[i].length == beginWord.length</code></li>
	<li><code>beginWord</code>, <code>endWord</code>, and <code>wordList[i]</code> consist of lowercase English letters.</li>
	<li><code>beginWord != endWord</code></li>
	<li>All the words in <code>wordList</code> are unique.</li>
	<li>The sum of all shortest transformation sequences does not exceed <code>105</code>.</li>
</ul>

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