rings-and-rods

Rings and Rods

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There are <code>n</code> rings and each ring is either red, green, or blue. The rings are distributed across ten rods labeled from <code>0</code> to <code>9</code>.

You are given a string <code>rings</code> of length <code>2n</code> that describes the <code>n</code> rings that are placed onto the rods. Every two characters in <code>rings</code> forms a color-position pair that is used to describe each ring where:

<ul>
	<li>The first character of the <code>ith</code> pair denotes the <code>ith</code> ring&#39;s color (<code>&#39;R&#39;</code>, <code>&#39;G&#39;</code>, <code>&#39;B&#39;</code>).</li>
	<li>The second character of the <code>ith</code> pair denotes the rod that the <code>ith</code> ring is placed on (<code>&#39;0&#39;</code> to <code>&#39;9&#39;</code>).</li>
</ul>

For example, <code>&quot;R3G2B1&quot;</code> describes <code>n == 3</code> rings: a red ring placed onto the rod labeled 3, a green ring placed onto the rod labeled 2, and a blue ring placed onto the rod labeled 1.

Return the number of rods that have all three colors of rings on them.

&nbsp;
Example 1:
<img alt="" src="https://assets.leetcode.com/uploads/2021/11/23/ex1final.png" style="width: 258px; height: 130px;" />
<pre>
Input: rings = &quot;B0B6G0R6R0R6G9&quot;
Output: 1
Explanation: 
- The rod labeled 0 holds 3 rings with all colors: red, green, and blue.
- The rod labeled 6 holds 3 rings, but it only has red and blue.
- The rod labeled 9 holds only a green ring.
Thus, the number of rods with all three colors is 1.
</pre>

Example 2:
<img alt="" src="https://assets.leetcode.com/uploads/2021/11/23/ex2final.png" style="width: 266px; height: 130px;" />
<pre>
Input: rings = &quot;B0R0G0R9R0B0G0&quot;
Output: 1
Explanation: 
- The rod labeled 0 holds 6 rings with all colors: red, green, and blue.
- The rod labeled 9 holds only a red ring.
Thus, the number of rods with all three colors is 1.
</pre>

Example 3:

<pre>
Input: rings = &quot;G4&quot;
Output: 0
Explanation: 
Only one ring is given. Thus, no rods have all three colors.
</pre>

&nbsp;
Constraints:

<ul>
	<li><code>rings.length == 2 * n</code></li>
	<li><code>1 &lt;= n &lt;= 100</code></li>
	<li><code>rings[i]</code> where <code>i</code> is even is either <code>&#39;R&#39;</code>, <code>&#39;G&#39;</code>, or <code>&#39;B&#39;</code> (0-indexed).</li>
	<li><code>rings[i]</code> where <code>i</code> is odd is a digit from <code>&#39;0&#39;</code> to <code>&#39;9&#39;</code> (0-indexed).</li>
</ul>

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