vector<int> ans;
    int row = matrix.size();
    int col = matrix[0].size();
    
    int count = 0;
    int total = row*col;
    
    //index initialisation
    int startingRow = 0;
    int startingCol = 0;
    int endingRow = row-1;
    int endingCol = col-1;
    
    
    while(count < total) {
        
        //print starting row
        for(int index = startingCol; count < total && index<=endingCol; index++) {
            ans.push_back(matrix[startingRow][index]);
            count++;
        }
        startingRow++;
        
        //print ending column
        for(int index = startingRow; count < total && index<=endingRow; index++) {
            ans.push_back(matrix[index][endingCol]);
            count++;
        }
        endingCol--;
        
        //print ending row
        for(int index = endingCol; count < total && index>=startingCol; index--) {
            ans.push_back(matrix[endingRow][index]);
            count++;
        }
        endingRow--;
        
        //print starting column
        for(int index = endingRow; count < total && index>=startingRow; index--) {
            ans.push_back(matrix[index][startingCol]);
            count++;
        }
        startingCol++;
    } 
    return ans;
}