On inverviews, there are usually a system design stage where you need to build architecture of given distributed system.

The distributed system itself is different to the signle-node environments. It's important to understand underwater stones that the distributed setups inherit.

I have written a note on this topic that exactly touches topic of chanllenges and tradeoffs we need to keep in mind while designing them:

https://www.romaglushko.com/blog/nature-of-distributed-systems/

Hope you find it useful