Optimal function template for strings that differ by 1 character

I've seen (and initially failed) many problems that involving finding strings and numbers that differ by one character. Some problems require them to be the same length but others allow "extra" digits. Often times these strings are not sorted in any particular order either.

For example:
abc and abd differ by one character but are of the same length
abc and ab differ by one character but have different lengths

Example Problems:
https://leetcode.com/problems/count-substrings-that-differ-by-one-character/
https://leetcode.com/discuss/interview-question/382955/airbnb-phone-screen-find-strings-that-differ-by-1-character
https://leetcode.com/problems/one-edit-distance/

I'm looking for a concise function template (in Python preferably but I'll update this post with all code examples) that can run in optimal space/time since this is a frequent problem I need help with.

Thanks!

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